What's wrong with this picture?

Answer: starbase is lit from behind, Enterprise is lit from the left. Does not compute.

Now that you can see how this stands out like a sore thumb, here's another example:

Here's another one that always annoyed me when I saw it - this is the classic Voyage Home shot of Scotty going fishing with the transporter:

Here's the next shot.

Where's the large shadow cast by the Bird of Prey just a moment ago?

In "Parallels," Worf takes a shuttlecraft into the sea of Enterprises from other universes. As the shuttle travels over the primary hull, it casts a shadow ... a rather LARGE shadow. It's hard to see in the screenshot, but this happens at 38:51 in the episode and simply watching it tips the viewer that there's something wrong with the lighting. Either the light source is extremely close and large (not likely), the shuttlecraft is actually bigger than it's supposed to be (not likely), or someone in the effects department dropped the ball. My vote goes for the third.

The opening scene of "The Child" showed a shuttlecraft departing the Enterprise. While the initial take-off was graceful, there was something fundamentally wrong as the shuttle left the hanger bay - the lighting coverage and shadows should have shifted, but it didn't.

And this is what you get when you recycle standard exterior Enterprise footage without considering the primary light source in "Up The Long Ladder":

Here's what happens when you neglect continuity quality... In "The Defector," Picard calls for the revealing of Klingon Bird of Preys in order to even the odds with the Romulan opposition:

After a negotiated stand-down with Command Tomalak, the Enterprise viewscreen goes back to showing the Romulan warbird. Except that the ship is now lit from the other side:

More inconsistencies in "The Hunted" where an Angosian transport vessel runs from the Enterprise. Everything else is lit from the left.

"Tin Man" had all kinds of odd directional lighting which changed from shot to shot. Here's a prime example:

So the Regula One space station ... I mean, the Tanuga IV research facility shows up in "A Matter Of Perspective." Apparently there's a huge light source like a star shining on the planet, but this in no way affects the station nor the Enterprise.

The Enterprise comes charging to the rescue to save the Romulans in "The Next Phase." Here we see this experimental craft doing all kinds of slick things that skew that laws of physics, such as casting off light reflections in a different direction than the ship next to it.

So let's go planet-side. In Star Trek (2009) we see little Jim Kirk going on a cruise in an antique Vette. He's being chased by Robocop of the twenty-third century. When he just passed by his brother a few seconds earlier, it looked like it was mid-day. In this shot, it's clearly either morning or late afternoon:

Jimboy makes a ninety-degree turn starboard and the cop pursues. The sunlight should be shining from his rear at this point, but apparently in this century the planet rotates really quickly so that the light shines onto the driver's side:

And through the magic of Hollywood, it is now mid-afternoon again. Aren't movies exciting?

I presume this one is so obvious that I don't need to mention the fact that the lighting tint is off, Data ends up staring at his dad's forehead, and Dr. Soong's face should have a shadow cast by Data's body:

Holodeck scenes were always easy pickings. When the simulation ends, you'd figure that the light cast on folks leaving it would change.